1. 1-3

def normalize(name):       name = name[0].upper() + name[1:].lower()    return name

from functools import reduce
def prod(L):
   def f(x,y):
     return x*y
   return reduce(f,L)


from functools import reduce     
def str2float(s):
    DIGITS = {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}
    i = s.index('.')      
    a = reduce(lambda x, y: x * 10 + y, map(lambda x: DIGITS[x], s[0:i]))
    b = reduce(lambda x, y: x * 10 + y, map(lambda x: DIGITS[x], s[i + 1:]))/(10**len(s[i + 1:]))
    return a+b