# 把Student的gender属性改造为枚举类型，可以避免使用字符串：
from enum import Enum, unique


@unique
class Gender(Enum):
    Male = 0
    Female = 1


class Student(object):
    def __init__(self, name, gender):
        self.name = name
        self.gender = Gender(gender)


# 测试:
bart = Student('Bart', Gender.Male)
if bart.gender == Gender.Male:
    print('测试通过!')
else:
    print('测试失败!')
# 测试通过!